Basics of HTML and CSS

HTML is the standard markup language used to structure the content of a web page. It uses tags to define the elements and their properties. Here are some essential HTML tags to get you started:


HTML Document Structure:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- Content goes here -->
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>: Defines the document type as HTML5.
<html>: The root element of an HTML page.
<head>: Contains meta-information about the document.
<title>: Sets the title of the page displayed in the browser's title bar.
<body>: Contains the visible content of the page.

Headings:

<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<h2>This is a Subheading</h2>
<!-- h3 to h6 for lower-level headings -->
<h1> to <h6>: Defines headings of different levels.

Paragraphs:

<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>: Defines a paragraph.

Links:

<a href="https://www.example.com">Visit Example</a>
<a>: Creates a hyperlink. The href attribute specifies the URL to link to.

CSS Basics

CSS is used to style the visual presentation of HTML elements. It allows you to control the layout, colors, fonts, and other visual aspects of your web page. Here are some essential CSS concepts:


Inline Styles:

<h1 style="color: blue;">Heading with blue color</h1>
style: The inline style attribute allows you to apply CSS styles directly to an element.

Internal Stylesheet:

<head>
  <style>
    h1 {
      color: blue;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Heading with blue color</h1>
</body>
<style>: Defines an internal stylesheet within the <head> section of the document.

External Stylesheet:

<head>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Heading with blue color</h1>
</body>
<link>: Links an external CSS file to the HTML document. The href attribute specifies the path to the CSS file.

Selectors and Properties:

h1 {
  color: blue;
  font-size: 24px;
}

h1: Selector that targets <h1> elements.
color: Property that sets the text color.
font-size: Property that sets the font size.

Class and ID Selectors:

<style>
.highlight {
    background-color: yellow;
  }

  #intro {
    font-weight: bold;
  }
</style>
<p class="highlight">This is a highlighted paragraph.</p>
<p id="intro">This is the introduction paragraph.</p>
.highlight: Class selector targets elements with the highlight class.
#intro: ID selector targets the element with the intro ID.

With these foundational concepts, you can start creating and styling ur own web pages. Remember to practice and explore additional HTML tags and CSS properties to expand ur knowledge and skills. Happy coding!

by Lexi (admin)
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